You do not need to have a broken bone to have a wound. Many common conditions discussed elsewhere in this site, such as calluses, diabetic foot ulcers and bed sores (pressure ulcers) are considered wounds. Many begin at the surface of the skin and are often ignored. However, wounds can quickly progress to deeper layers of tissue and become a big problem. Surgical skin incisions are also considered wounds. All of these wounds may be treated by an orthopedic surgeon, podiatrist or other specialist. The important thing to remember is that any break in the skin, whether intentional or not, is a path for bacteria to enter the body. Therefore, all wounds must be treated with care to avoid infection.
- Remove necrotic (dead) tissue
- Relieve pressure on the wound
- Dress the wound (for example with gauze or bandages)
Removing or debridement, of necrotic tissue is a necessary part of the process. Once the necrotic tissue is removed, dressings and antibiotic ointments are applied. The goal is to keep the wound moist and also to remove bacteria to allow the body to heal itself. If there is a lot of liquid draining, the dressings will need to be changed often.
Relieving pressure is a vital step. Depending upon the location of the wound, you will need to prevent pressure on that part of the body for extended periods of time. If you are bedridden, this means changing position every two hours, using special cushions, pillows and mattresses to relieve pressure.
Dressing helps to draw out excess fluid from the wound, and should be changed frequently to prevent infection. If the wound is too dry, moist dressing is used; likewise, dry dressing may be used if the wound is producing a lot of excess fluids.
Your wound care specialist should advise you as to the correct regimen based upon the type and location of the wound.